Charles Tilly, with regard to the emergence of European states, described it as the "most perfect form of legitimate protection racketeering" and thus of "organized crime." The state represents a repressive apparatus of exploitation and coercion. This characterization is equally valid for the earliest states. The combination of exploitation with the provision of security and predictability was perfected in capitalism with the transformation of labor into wage labor in a way that also manipulated consciousness so that relations of exploitation appeared to be the result of voluntary submission to supposed external constraints.

https://www.sociosite.net/sociologists/charles-tilly

The state represents the most powerful instrument with which parasitic elites can satisfy their greed for more. Through the newly emerging form of the state and the associated monopolization of legitimate violence, parasitic elites were able to expand their power over the population by making exploitation more predictable not only for themselves but also for the population. 12.06.25

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